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Civic Union (Russia)
The Civic Union ((ロシア語:Гражданский союз), ''Grajdanskii soyuz'', GS) was a political alliance in Russia.
==History==
The alliance was established on 21 June 1992 by several organisations, including the Democratic Party, the Russian Union "Renewal", the People's Party "Free Russia" and Change – New Policy. It was registered with the Ministry of Justice on 9 February 1993, and was later joined by the Russian Social Democratic Centre, the Socialist Workers Party and the Labour Party. However, internal divisions led to the alliance collapsing in the autumn.
In the buildup to the December 1993 parliamentary elections, a new Civic Union was established, including the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs, the Party of All-Russian Union, the Russian Social-Democratic Centre, the Association of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs of Russia, the Union of Forest Industry Workers, the Union of Construction Workers and Building Materials Industry and the Veterans for the World movement. It received 1.9% of the proportional representation vote,〔Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1650 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7〕 failing to cross the electoral threshold. However, it won eighteen constituency seats in the State Duma.〔(Elections held in 1993 ) IPU〕
It did not contest any further elections.〔Nohlen & Stöver, p1645〕
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